Deep beneath a hill in southern China, construction of the world's largest transparent spherical detector has been completed. This monumental structure is the heart of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory, known as JUNO, one of the most ambitious scientific facilities ever. developed to investigate the so-called ghost particles, neutrinos.
At the center of this observatory is a gigantic acrylic sphere with a diameter of just over 35 m, equivalent to a 12-story building buried 700 m below the surface. This colossal structure is protected from the interference of cosmic rays, creating a perfect environment to detect even the most subtle signals emitted by neutrinos.
Inside this sphere, 20,000 tons of a special liquid will be added capable of glowing when coming into contact with neutrinos. This luminous effect will allow scientists to track the passage of ghost particles and collect valuable data on their properties.
Why do we call neutrinos Ghost particles, the answer is interesting, these little cosmic travelers practically ignore the common matter around them, they pass through walls, the ground, our own bodies, even the planet Earth as if nothing were there, it is as if existed in a parallel dimension, visible only to highly sophisticated instruments.
And that is exactly what JUNO promises to do, capture these invisible visitors to understand more about the mysteries of the universe. Neutrinos, despite being almost invisible, are fundamental to our understanding of the universe, they are tiny, they travel nearby at the speed of light, they have no electrical charge. By studying them we can access crucial information about the origin and evolution of the Cosmos.
JUNO's main goal is to unravel a specific mystery, the mass hierarchy of neutrinos. By determining this hierarchy, scientists hope to take a huge step in understanding the development of the universe by helping to answer fundamental questions about galaxy formation and evolution. of the stars, JUNO will also allow the study of other phenomena such as neutrinos from supernovae in the atmosphere, even from the sun itself.
Strategically located about 53 km from the Yangyang and Taishan nuclear plants, JUNO is positioned to monitor a curious phenomenon, neutrino oscillation, where these particles change type during their
Travel, this privileged position allows for precise observation, maximizing the potential for new discoveries and promises to expand the frontiers of human knowledge about these mysterious particles and who knows how to reveal deep secrets of the universe itself.
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