SLC21/WK2: Mastering CPR | A Comprehensive Guide to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

_{Perform all steps of cpr on a mannequin (your productivity) and explain each and every step in detail. Teach CPR to only 3 people:}

I've added a simple video of how to perform CPR, (well, I'm still learning but I absolutely love it) I taught my son how to perform it too, he's 17, and below was the explanation I gave him:

Detailed Steps of CPR:

1. Assess the Situation:

Check the Environment: be sure that the environment is both safe for you and the casualty.
Check Responsiveness: Tap the victim and ask; are you okay? If there's no response move to the next step.*

2. Call for Help

Ask someone to call 911 since the victim is unresponsive he will need immediate professional assistance
Tell another person to Get an AED (Automated External Defibrillator) if available.

3. Check for Breathing

Look, listen, and feel for breathing. But don't check for more than 10 seconds.
Normal Breathing: If the victim is breathing normally, keep in a recovery position.
If he's not breathing at all or gasping: Begin CPR.

4. Begin Chest Compressions

Positioning: Kneel by the victim's right-hand side, then place the heel of your right hand on his sternum center of the chest and put the other hand on top. Interlock your fingers.
Body Position: Make sure you keep your arms straight, and your shoulders should be directly over your hand.
- Compression Depth and Rate:try and compress at about 2 inches deep for adults and children, 1.5 inches for infants (1 year and below). The compression rate should be 100-120 per minute, always remember to allow full chest recoil between compressions.

5. Provide Rescue Breaths (if trained)

**Give 2 rescue breaths, after 30 compressions.
Breath Technique:
- Tilt the head back slightly and the chin, too, to open the airway.
- next pinch the victim's nose shut and cover his mouth with yours, creating a seal.
- Then give 1 second breath, check that the chest rise. And give another 1 second breath.
Repeat Cycle: By continuing with 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths.

6. Continue CPR

Keep going: Continue the cycle until emergency medical services arrive, where an AED will be available, or you are just too exhausted to continue.

I didn't have a mannequin, so I used a towel to show him. As you can see, I've explained each step, showed him where to position his hand, and also demonstrated compressions and breaths. We practice it together and have fun while learning something very valuable! That was it.

_{How to perform CPR on pregnant lady, obese people and weak elder people, write modifiable procedures for each in detail.}

Performing CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) requires adaptations based on the physical characteristics and conditions of the individual. Here are modifiable procedures for performing CPR on a pregnant woman, an obese person, and a weak elderly individual:

1. CPR On A Pregnant Woman:

I will first of all make sure that the scene is both safe for me and her.
Then I will tap her and shout are you okay?
I will Call for Help: if she doesn't respond, I will tell someone to call 911 for immediate assistance and even ask for AED if it's available.

Positioning: it's not safe for a pregnant women to lie flat on their back, so if that was her position, I would turn her onto the left-hand side to improve the blood flow to her baby and reduce pressure on the major blood vessels. And I will try and give her CPR in the supine position.

I will Perform Chest Compressions, kneeling beside her and placing the heel of my hand at her sternum, then interlock the other hand and Compress her chest at 2 inches depth and 100-120 compression per minute.*

I would allow for chest recoil between compressions.*

I will give two rescue Breaths, 1 second each, but before that, I will ensure that her airways are open by tilting her head and lifting her chin too. Then I will pinch her nose, seal my lips over hers, and then give a 1-second breath and repeat it.

Continue CPR: I will continue the cycle of 30 compressions & 2 breaths until help arrives or she regains consciousness.

2. CPR on Obese Individuals:

*I will check for my safety first and even that of the victims. *
Assess Responsiveness: by gently tapping his shoulder and asking if he's okay.
I will call for help if he hasn't responded, I will dial 911, and if there's someone there, I will tell the person to bring AED.
I will position the victim in a stable position.
I will Perform Chest Compressions kneeling beside her and placing the heel of my hand at her sternum, then interlock the other hand and Compress her chest at 2- 2.5 inches (due to extra tissue) depth and 100-120 compression per minute.

I will make sure I've adjusted his body angle well to reach his sternum.

I will give two rescue Breaths, 1 second each, but before that, I will ensure that his airways are open by tilting his head and lifting his chin too. Then I will pinch his nose, seal my lips over his, and then give a 1-second breath and repeat it.
Continue CPR: I will continue the cycle of 30 compressions & 2 breaths until help arrives or she regains consciousness.

3. CPR On Weak Elderly Individuals:

I will check for my safety first and even that of the victims.

Assess Responsiveness: by gently tapping his shoulder and asking if he's okay.
*I will call for help if he hasn't responded, I will dial 911, and if there's someone there, I will tell the person to bring AED. *

*Positioning: I will make sure I've placed the elderly person on his back if he's on the ground.

I will Perform Chest Compressions gently. I will kneel beside him, placing the heel of my hand at his sternum, then interlock the other hand and Compress her chest at (1.5 - 2 inches depth) to avoid breaking his ribs and 100-120 compression per minute.

I will give two rescue Breaths, 1 second each, but before that, I will ensure that her airways are open by tilting her head and lifting her chin too. Then I will pinch his nose, seal my lips over his, and then give a 1-second breath and repeat it.
Continue CPR: I will continue the cycle of 30 compressions & 2 breaths until help arrives or she shows a sign of recovery.

Important Notes for All Situations:

I will always ensure that the environment is safe for me and even the victims. I will call emergency services before starting CPR.
If I'm trained, I won't hesitate to use an AED (Automated External Defibrillator) as soon as it's available. *
I feel that I'm not well trained for giving breath, so I will focus on giving high-quality chest compressions until help arrives.

_{Write an explanation for all the mistakes people do during CPR, aswe highlighted in the class topic:}

During CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation), people make so many mistakes that can make the CPR ineffective. The common mistakes includes:

Incorrect compression depth, the recommended depth is between 1.5 (for infant) and 2.5 (for adults), insufficient depth can limit blood flow to the heart and brain.

Inadequate Compression Rate: normal compressions rate is 100- 120 per minute, so any compress slower than this will reduce the effectiveness and even compromise blood circulation.

Poor Hand Placement*: Incorrect placement can lead to ineffective compressions and injuries.
Not Allowing Full Chest Recoil: and these can reduce heart refill time and the overall effectiveness.
Forgetting to call emergency services, professionals who know better than them, not minding they even have tools.

Inconsistent Rhythm: *not counting the number of compression.

Ignoring AED Use: this can increase survival rate when use properly. But some used to hesitate calling.
Overventilation: giving many rescue breaths can lead to hyperventilation

Not Continuously Assessing the Situation: Not accessing the vitim continualy.
Fatigue: the recuer can be exhausted and this can reduce effectiveness over time especially if there's no other person to take over.

*Knowing this common mistakes will help me to follow proper CPR guidelines. And this will in turn increase the chances of survival. I will practice this regularly in order not to forget, this skill will be ever fresh.

_{Plan a simple campaign to raise awareness about CPR in your community. Write down the main goal of your campaign, who you want to reach (your target audience), and key messages you want to share. Think about how you can spread the word (like using social media or holding a community event). Your plan should be clear and include a basic timeline showing when you will do each part of the campaign. (You only have to devise a working plan and not practically implement it.)}

My CPR Awareness Campaign Plan:

My Campaign Title will be : Save a Life: Learn CPR

Main Goal:

My main goal will be to raise awareness about the importance of CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) and to encourage community members to participate in CPR training sessions, as this will increase the number of persons capable of performing CPR in case of emergencies.

My Target Audience:

General Public: but most importantly Adults and teenagers (ages 15 and above)
Parents and Caregivers: especially those who have or caring for small kids.
Local Schools and Educational Institutions: teachers, students and even non teaching staff can learn *
Some indigenous Businesses: both employers employees can learn and promote workplace safety

Key Messages:

Understand CPR's Importance: I will be highlighting some statistics to how CPR can save lives during cardiac emergencies.
Easy to Learn: CPR is not a hard skill but simple one which anyone can learn with proper training.
Free Training Opportunities: the training is free.
Be Prepared: be proactive in equipping yourselves with lifesaving skills.

Spread the Word:

**I will post on social media like Facebook, X, Instagram, TikTok etc and I will share stories with engaging graphics and personal testimonials.
- I will Use hashtags like #SaveALifeCPR #LearnCPR #CPRAwareness.
- Share educational videos demonstrating CPR techniques.
Community Events: NM;b NM
- I will organize a "CPR Awareness Day" at our local, market, park or community center with demonstrations and sign-ups for CPR classes.
- Host mini workshops with CPR instructor;led sessions.
- I will provide free pamphlets and .
Partnerships:
- I will collaborate with local health organizations, schools, and businesses to reach wider audiences.
- I will engage local first responders to join in events and provide demonstrations.
Flyers and Posters:
- Distribute flyers in community centers, schools, and local businesses.
- Place posters in high-traffic areas (grocery stores, community boards) highlighting the importance of CPR.

Basic Timeline:

It Will be 8 weeks, week 1 and 2 will be for campaign, I will make campaign flyers and content, seeking partnerships with local organizations. And will books training with certified instructors.

Week 3: I will launch the social media campaign, share content and testimonial videos.

Week 4: Community Outreach

-Week 5: Host CPR Awareness Day

I will conduct event; show CPR demonstrations and workshops.
Then Gather sign-ups for free local training sessions.

Weeks 6-8: will be for Follow-up and I will encourage engagement
- I will share success stories and photos from the event on social media.
- Then provide information about ongoing CPR training classes.
- Finally, I will send out thank-you messages to participants and partners.

Conclusion:

This campaign aims at increasing awareness about CPR and will also to empower community members with the knowledge and skills necessary to act confidently in emergencies, potentially saving lives.

_{Design a simple infographic (Illustration) that summarizing the basic steps of CPR for adults, children, and infants, including why CPR is important and list situations when CPR might be needed (like drowning or heart attacks).}

Here goes a simple outline of my infographic: