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Write two differences between current and voltage. |
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The current we measure with amperes (A) is a conductor that is a source of electrical charge flow. It represents how many charges are moving in a circuit.
These give us the flow of electron movement. It is represented by an eye (I) symbol.
It is the difference between two points that we measure as volts (V). It represents the force that pushes an electric charge through a circuit.
It is also represented by the symbol (V). It describes the potential difference that causes current to flow.
Write two differences between AC electricity and DC electricity. |
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In this, the current alternates between positive and negative power, which we call the flow of electric charge, which changes periodically.
Most of the AC used in homes is generated by plants and then distributed to homes and businesses through power grid stations.
This current flows in one direction only i.e. it flows from positive to negative terminal. Its flow of electric current is unidirectional.
Many gadgets work on DC like smartphones and laptops etc. It is usually supplied by batteries, solar panels, and some other electronic devices.
Write the difference between an AC motor and a DC motor. |
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Where we need more power, we use AC motors. AC motors are commonly used in household appliances and are also used in industrial equipment. They operate with alternating current that changes periodically.
Motors which are AC motors have very complex speed control and often we need frequency drivers to adjust them.
These motors are often used in electric vehicles, toys, and small tools where a variable speed control is required as it runs on DC current where the current only flows in one direction.
Controlling the speed of DC motors is very easy and is a more accurate method as it is achieved by simply adjusting the voltage supplied to the motor.
Write two main differences between DOL, Star-Delta, and forward reverse starter. |
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DOL refers to direct-on-line which connects the motor directly to the full-line voltage at start-up, causing the motor to start with an in-rush current that is significantly higher than the full-load current. It is about six to eight times more.
This system is simple and cheap as it is used only for motors that can handle the starting current. This is very good for small motors where the starting current is not too dangerous.
It is used to reduce the starting current and is connected in a star configuration to reduce its current to one-third. After its set time it switches to delta configuration for full voltage operation.
It is generally used in large motors where the starting current needs to be reduced to avoid loss.
It usually allows the motor to run in either direction after changing the phase sequence. It is often used to control the direction of rotation of a starter motor. It doesn't affect the starting current.
It is commonly used in elevator or crane applications where there is no need to reduce the starting current but only control the direction of the motor in it.
Write the names and pictures of the electrical switchgear used in your home. |
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There are various things we use to run or block the electricity in our home, some of them are listed below.
The main and most common thing that is used in our homes is a Switch. With the help of a switch, we turn on and off our fans, lights, chargers, and other types of things that run on electricity. When our fan is running, we turn it off with this switch.
Some switches are small, some are large, and both have their specifications. We use both according to the load of electricity like now if we were to put a switch for a fan then the one I am showing in the picture would be the smaller consumption. If we were to use this for a water motor in the same way, then we would make the switch larger enough to handle the load.
We use circuit breakers to control our electricity or to avoid any loss after any kind of fault. The circuit breaker turns on when any fault occurs.
Circuit breakers are of two or three types, one is single phase, one is double phase and one is triple phase. Depending on our load we use it single phase has one wire if double is your electrician wiring then you have to use a double phase breaker. We are using a double-phase breaker here.
The third important thing that is being used in our house is the grip fuse. It is such a grip that we attach it to the electricity board of each room. Its main purpose is that when we remove it, then the light in our room will be turned off. is attached It doesn't shut off the power to our entire house.
If there is a fault in our room that we want to fix and we want to turn off the electricity, we don't need to turn off the electricity to the whole house. All we have to do is remove the one that will cut off the electricity in our room. And we will do our work with ease and there will be no disturbance to others.
Make the specifications of the motor shown below |
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| KW | 37 |
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| HP | 50 |
| RPM | 2960 |
| Ampere | 62.8 |
| Voltage | 415 |
| Hz | 50 |
| PF | 0.89 |
Find out the current of your home's 220-volt, 5 HP motor. |
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Draw the power circuit of the star delta starter and name the devices used. |
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